Network Pentest Findings

Introduction

Network penetration testing (pentesting) is a crucial cybersecurity practice that helps organizations identify vulnerabilities before attackers exploit them. However, IT teams often overlook critical security gaps during assessments. In this blog post, we will explore the top 10 Network Pentest Findings that frequently go unnoticed, leading to potential breaches and security risks.

1. Unpatched Software & Firmware

One of the most common Network Pentest Findings is outdated software and firmware. Cybercriminals exploit known vulnerabilities in outdated operating systems, applications, and firmware to gain unauthorized access to networks.

Why It’s a Problem:

• Unpatched software exposes networks to ransomware, malware, and zero-day attacks.
• Exploitable vulnerabilities are often published in public databases like the CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures).

How to Fix It:

• Implement an automated patch management system.
• Regularly update all software, applications, and firmware.
• Perform vulnerability scans to detect missing patches.

2. Misconfigured Firewalls & Open Ports

Misconfigured firewalls and open ports are another critical Network Pentest Finding that exposes an organization to cyber threats.

Why It’s a Problem:

• Overly permissive firewall rules can allow unauthorized access.
• Open ports provide attack vectors for malicious actors.
• Default settings may leave unnecessary services exposed.

How to Fix It:

• Regularly audit firewall rules and close unused ports.
• Implement least privilege access principles.
• Use intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDS/IPS) to monitor traffic.

3. Weak Authentication & Default Credentials

Weak authentication mechanisms and default credentials are frequently exploited in cyberattacks. Many systems still use default usernames and passwords, making them easy targets.

Why It’s a Problem:

• Default credentials are publicly available in hacker forums.
• Weak passwords can be cracked using brute-force attacks.
• Lack of multi-factor authentication (MFA) increases the risk.

How to Fix It:

• Enforce strong password policies.
• Implement MFA for all critical systems.
• Regularly test for weak passwords and default credentials.

4. Lack of Network Segmentation

Many IT teams fail to implement proper network segmentation, allowing attackers to move laterally once inside the network.

Why It’s a Problem:

• A flat network architecture allows unrestricted access to critical resources.
• A compromised endpoint can expose sensitive data.

How to Fix It:

• Use Virtual LANs (VLANs) to segment networks.
• Implement Zero Trust Architecture to limit access.
• Restrict internal traffic between sensitive systems.

5. Insecure Remote Access

With remote work on the rise, insecure remote access is a major Network Pentest Finding. Poorly configured Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) and VPN services can expose networks to cyber threats.

Why It’s a Problem:

• Weak RDP configurations allow brute-force attacks.
• Unsecured VPN access increases the risk of credential theft.

How to Fix It:

• Disable unnecessary RDP and remote access services.
• Require MFA for all remote connections.
• Use a zero-trust security model for remote users.

6. Rogue & Unauthorized Devices

Shadow IT and unauthorized devices pose a significant threat to network security. These devices bypass security controls, increasing the risk of malware infections.

Why It’s a Problem:

• Unmanaged devices may have vulnerabilities.
• Lack of visibility increases security risks.

How to Fix It:

• Implement network access control (NAC) to restrict unauthorized devices.
• Regularly scan for rogue devices.
• Maintain an updated asset inventory.

7. Weak Wireless Security

Wireless networks are a common entry point for attackers, making weak wireless security a key Network Pentest Finding.

Why It’s a Problem:

• Weak Wi-Fi encryption (WEP or outdated WPA) can be cracked.
• Default SSIDs and passwords make it easier for attackers to gain access.

How to Fix It:

• Use WPA3 encryption for secure Wi-Fi access.
• Change default SSIDs and passwords.
• Implement MAC address filtering to restrict access.

8. DNS & Domain Security Weaknesses

Many organizations overlook DNS and domain security, leaving them vulnerable to attacks such as DNS spoofing, hijacking, and phishing campaigns.

Why It’s a Problem:

• Misconfigured DNS records can lead to subdomain takeovers.
• Attackers can manipulate DNS queries to redirect users to malicious sites.

How to Fix It:

• Enable DNS Security Extensions (DNSSEC).
• Use multi-factor authentication for domain registrar accounts.
• Monitor DNS changes for suspicious activity.

9. Lack of Proper Logging & Monitoring

Without proper logging and monitoring, organizations cannot detect or respond to security threats effectively.

Why It’s a Problem:

• Cyberattacks go undetected for months without monitoring.
• Logs may not be stored long enough for forensic analysis.

How to Fix It:

• Implement a Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) system.
• Regularly review logs for anomalies.
• Enable real-time threat detection and alerts.

10. Absence of Regular Network Pentesting

Many organizations fail to conduct regular network penetration testing, leaving critical vulnerabilities undetected.

Why It’s a Problem:

• Security gaps remain open for long periods.
• Organizations lack insights into their security posture.

How to Fix It:

• Schedule regular pentests at least twice a year.
• Use both internal and external pentesting methodologies.
• Follow up with remediation steps after each test.

Conclusion

Understanding and addressing Network Pentest Findings is crucial for maintaining a secure IT infrastructure. By proactively fixing these security gaps, organizations can reduce their attack surface, prevent breaches, and improve overall cybersecurity resilience. Regular pentesting, coupled with continuous monitoring, is the key to staying ahead of cyber threats.